Sprayer nozzle



SP- 2, 1952 c. ANDERSON 2,609,238

' SPRAYER NozzLE:

Filed Feb. 21, 195o A INVENTOR.

Patented Sept. 2, 1952 f --UN1TED STATES PATENT- ortica fxff amazesy v f SPRAYER NozzLE vClare Anderson, KinnelongN. Y y iApplication'Febrnary 21, 1950- SerialINm145,459

2 Claims. (Cl. 299-120.)

This invention relates 'to nozzles for lspraying under pressure variousliquids, such as `powdery gaseous, abrasive.' chemical, :emulsive, coloring and any form of vviscous :compounds of various viscosities.

lThis improvement relates tonozzles which.'op-

erateon the principle 'of twirling the liquid prior Ato being expelled from the orice `of the nozzle and at :an initialiradius `greater than that ofthe discharge oriiice. More particularly it relates -to an improved formof nozzle which will produce `a spray-inthe form 'of a solid cone substantially uniform inthe distribution .of the spray particles over the area covered bythe conical discharge.

One object is` to produce a conical discharge `area having a'wde angle .to produce a substantially `uniform. distribution of vthe spray particles over the area covered vby the-discharge, essentially independent of the character of the liquid fused, or its -viscosity `or temperature, exerted pressure, or. surface tensions, internal frictions, etc. of the liquids. This is accomplished by discharging `the twirl streams tangentially to theoricepe- :simple yform which may be readily removed, cleaned and `replaced without the use of screw threaded parts or auxiliary holding members.

These and other objects and advantages of this v`improvement will be understood from the following vdescriptionand accompanying drawing `which -shows preferred forms.

. Fig. l is alongitudinal mid-section of Aone vernof Fig. 1; Fig. 3 isa cross section on the line 3 3` of Fig. l; `VFig. iis across section on the linen-4 "of Figjl; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal mid-- 'section of anotherembodiment; Fig-6 is an .end

view ofthe .innermost'end vof the twirl member of the form shownin Fig..5.; Fig. 7 `isia side view of another `lform' of twirl member; Fig. 8 is an endview ofthe Vleft-hand end of the form of Fig. 7; and Fig. r9 is an end view looking from the 4right of Fig. '1.

"Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, the main hou-sing V.or

body I0 isv Ashown having a hexagonal exterior form as shown in `l'figs. 2 and 3. "This housing is hollow and is closedat one `end exceptfor the Vbodirnent; Fig. 2 isa-crosssection on the line 2 2 l central discharge orice lI Il as shown Fig. yl.

fand `within thehelically-incli-ned passages between -theseribs the liquid lpasses rand imposes a rotary `or -twirlinggaction @upon the liquid `as it passes vtherefrom into the space I3 between thediseharge end of the twirl-member and' the `end -of A the housing. The discharge end A.of the Atwirl member iscut away to provide `a vconical cavity within :the

apexiof thecone coinciding with gthe axis Yofthe --device and with its sides diverging to the circumference -of `the discharge`V end of` the twirl member as-shown by the dotted lines I4 in Figi. Near the opposite end of .the twirl member is a circumferential slot ,in which is .located an .ex-

pansible ring or wire I5 -of good vresilient material, such as beryllium copper wire. This r4wire ring has asmall portion of itcut away to permititcto be compressed within its sloton the wtwirl memberfand thereby exerts pressure on the interior `wall of the vhousing for holding the twirl member in fixed position when assembled in place. rThe twirl member has a small vcentral opening in which is secured by `a drivingitone end of a rod i6 fof brass or other suitable material. This rod extends Vout beyond -the l open end of thehousing and is-provided near its outer end with a circumferential slot IBavfor the purpose of conveniently withdrawing the twirl member from within the housing against Ythe pressure of the retaining ring I5. In this manner the twirl member may be readily inserted in .the position shown in Fig. l and easily Withdrawn for lcleaning without the use of threaded parts.

A strainer I1 is provided forfseparatinsany particles from `the liquid before the liquidpasses to the twirl member.; This strainer is .of hollow, cylindrical form and surrounds the rod Ixwitha cylindrical space I8 between the rod andthe interior of thestrainer. lAt the inner end yof the strainer is a cone-shaped `cavity I9 which convnects with the space I-B and .flares aoutwardly therefrom to cover .the receiving end lof the twirl member. The inner end of the strainer -is enlarged Vto engage theinner wall of the housing and this end. portion is provided with a series Lof short longitudinal `slots 20 spaced circumferentially -from -each other as particularly shown 1n Fig. 3. The enlargedrim .o f the strainer is I8 from which it passes within the conical cavity v I9 and thence to the twirl member. The outer end of the strainer embraces the outer end of the rod I6 with a sliding fit. A circumferential slot 22 is provided near the outer end of the strainer for convenience in withdrawing it out` wardly from within the housing.

In operation, the liquid passes through the slots 2I of the strainer which strains the liquid and then passes from within the strainer to the receiving end of the' twirl member. It then passes through the openings between the inclined ribs I2a which may be of helical form and then enters thev chamber I3 bounded by the cone I4 and the end of the housing. The liquid is delivered into this space or chamber with a rotary or twirling movement. However an important feature of this improvement is the fact that the ribs 12a. project within the path ofthe twirling liquid by reason Of'th'eii extending around the lconical chamber and therebyv serve to retard'the velocity of portions of the liquid. This'results in a portion of the liquid having-a highvelocity at the outer portion of the liquidfin the exit chamber at a largervradius than `that of the discharge orifice land 'results in the inner portions -of the liquid having a reduced velocity. Thus when the liquid is-discharged .from the orifice,l the portions having the higher velocity are delivered tangentially to 'form the'outer portions of the cone, whereas the portions ofV the liquid having the slower movement are delivered from the orice at lesser angles than the outer portion of the spray with the result that a'substantially'uniform distribu- 'tion'of the sprayvparticles is obtained over the area of the conical discharge. Prolonged tests have shown that this form of spray discharge is 'obtained by using liquids of various types and is 'essentially independent of the pressures, surface tensions, viscosities, internal frictions and temperatures of the liquids.

Furthermore, the parts are quickly removable 'for'cleaning and conveniently replaced. The removal-is accomplished by the endsof ones ngers or nails engaging the slot 22 of thestrainer and vthereby withdrawing it, after which the twirl member is similarly removed by engagement of the slot ISa; and, as already explained, the friction ring or clutch I5 serves to hold'the twirl member in place and the compressible'inner end of the strainer serves to hold it in place by frictional engagement with the inner wall of the housing.

, In some cases where the character of Huid requires no. straining, the strainer isv removed. In that case the liquid passes -within the housing I directly to the receiving endof the twirl member over which it passes' and functions in the same manner as when the strainer'is used.

Figs. and 6 show anotherembodiment of this invention similar to the form, already described except the formation of the discharge end ofthe twirl member opposite the discharge'orice; and corresponding parts are similarly designated; In

Fig. 5 the housing IIJa is similar to the housing of the foregoing gures except it is externally threaded, instead of being internally threaded, for adaptation to an internally threaded outlet of the liquid source. Either form of housing may, of course, be used. In the form of Figs. 5 and 6 no conical cavity is formed in the discharge end of the twirl member opposite the discharge orice, but that end of the twirl member is provided with a series of radially extending slots 23y displaced at an angle to each other and passing between the ends of the ribs I2a. The provision of these slots results in the ends of the ribs I2a projecting within the discharge chamber I3 and thereby serves to retard portions of the twirling liquid and thereby functions in the same manner as described with reference to Fig. 1, giving a substantially uniform distribution over the area of the conical spray discharge.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show another modification of the twirl member. In this case the twirl member also serves as the strainer. The rod I 6 is secured to the twirl member by a driving t within the end portion thereof, but a cylindrical space 24, as shown in Fig. 9, is provided between the rod and the intake portion of thetwirl member. This portion is provided with'longitudinal slots 25 spaced circumferentially from each other and also provided with an outwardly extending rim 26 for the -purpose of frictionally engaging the interior wall of the housing for holding the twirl member in place. This twirl member is provided with helically inclined ribs 2'I'for imparting the twirling motion tothe fluid as it leaves the twirl member. The face of the twirl member opposite the discharge opening is formed with radial cross cuts 28 displaced angularly fromeach other. Thisresults inthe ends of the spiral threads 2'I extending in the path of the twirling liquid in the chamber opposite the discharge orifice; and these projections serve to'retard portions of the twirling liquid, giving a substantially uniform distribution of the spray particles within the area of the conical discharge in the manner already described.

The angle of the conical discharge lfrom' the orifice in the various forms abve described may be varied by proportioning and design of the parts relatively to eachother. Likewise various modifications of this improvement may be made without departing from theV 'scope of the invention.

I claim:' I

1i. A sprayer nozzle comprising a housing, a twirlmember within the housing having one end opposite the discharge orifice and spaced from the end of the housing to provide a chamber, said twirl member having portions extending within said chamber with spaces between said portions for retarding the movement of portions of the liquid to be sprayed, a 'resilient ring circumferentially'embracing the twirl member and engaging the interior wall of the housing for vremovably holding it in place, and a rod centrally secured to the twirl member and extendingfto'the opposite end of the housing for enabling the withdrawal of the twirl y member from?r the housing.

25A sprayer'nozzle-comprising "a housing, a twirl member within'the housing'v located at the end ofthe housing with on e end opposite the discharge orifice, .a strainerw of hollow cylindrical form engaging the twirl member at one end and extending to the opposite end of the housing, said strainer havingslots extending in an axial direction and spaced from each other circumferentially for providing 'passage of the liquid from the exterior of the strainer to Within it and then to 5 the twirl member, and a rod centrally secured to the twirl member and extending axially within said strainer and spaced therefrom along its length and being in engagement with said strainer at its outer end.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

Number Number France Dec. 9, 1930 

